LQWiki - User contributions [en]

Talk:Slackware

2004-06-05T21:59:31Z

MikeCapone:

wouldn't it be helpful to add some tools for slackware. 
e.g. swaret 
helpful pages for newbies: 
e.g. slackware book, linuxpackages, etc.

(-- GEnTi)

:Sure. Don't use swaret myself, but adding anything useful for Slack sounds good to me. :) Don't forget to sign your name on discussion pages with the tildes and to use <nowiki> </nowiki> for line breaks. The last two in this [[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:LQ_Central#Guidelines|section]] may help. --[[User:Digiot|Digiot]] 16:22, Jun 5, 2004 (EDT)

::I don't know the details, but I think that swaret is no longer officially recommended and has "legitimacy" issues. slapt-get seems to be the one to recommend first, although there's nothing wrong in mentioning swaret too. [[User:MikeCapone|MikeCapone]] 17:59, Jun 5, 2004 (EDT)

Wiki

2004-06-03T00:37:50Z

MikeCapone:

==Wiki==

A '''wiki''' is a web based communication mechanism that allows users to directly edit the information on the pages of the web site.

Examples are:
* LinuxQuestion.Org Wiki (what you are currently reading)
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/ Wikipedia], a wiki based encyclopedia

==External link==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki Definition of "Wiki" at Wikipedia]

Wiki

2004-06-03T00:37:03Z

MikeCapone:

==Wiki==

A '''wiki''' is a web based communication mechanism that allows users to directly edit the information on the pages of the web site.

Examples are:
* LinuxQuestion.Org Wiki (what you are currently reading)
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/] a wiki based encyclopedia

==External link==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki Definition of "Wiki" at Wikipedia]

Wiki

2004-06-03T00:36:16Z

MikeCapone:

==Wiki==

A '''wiki''' is a web based communication mechanism that allows users to directly edit the information on the pages of the web site.

Examples are:
* LinuxQuestion.Org Wiki (click Wiki, near the start of this page)
* [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Wikipedia]] a wiki based encyclopedia

==External link==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki Definition of "Wiki" at Wikipedia]

User talk:Dysprosia/Archive

2004-05-30T14:42:08Z

MikeCapone:

Hi,

How did you make the Machine_language page redirect to the Machine_code page?

Thanks!
[[User:JohnMG|JohnMG]] 03:05, Mar 14, 2004 (EST)
----

Nevermind. Got it. [[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:How_to_use_a_redirect]]

[[User:JohnMG|JohnMG]] 20:40, Mar 14, 2004 (EST)
----

As a matter of interest, what's the advantage in "moving" a previous desktop environment page to "Desktop_environment" - the redirects are becoming a little confusing whereas ordinarily they're simple :)

[[User:Skyline|Skyline]] 22:39, Mar 14, 2004 (EST)

: The simple argument is: what is simpler to type/read - <nowiki>"the GNOME and KDE [[Desktop Environments|desktop environments]]", or, "the GNOME and KDE [[desktop environment]]s"?</nowiki>
;
: Furthermore, the Wiki software here is set up to transparently redirect, making double redirects harder to eliminate...
;
: However, there seems to be at least a preliminary distinction in some pages, used here in that the singular is used for some other purpose than the plural, which is not a Good Thing, but I'll just leave that alone for the moment without having a brainfreeze :) [[User:Dysprosia|Dysprosia]] 04:16, Mar 15, 2004 (EST)

----

Re: redirecting talk pages. Thank you. Sometimes I suspect the doctor dropped me when I was born.

Re: the csh article - just for personal interest, csh or a variant is the default shell with *BSD and even the system scripts are written in it? Being 98% Slackware and 1% Gentoo and not a particularly devout GNUist I sometimes wonder about BSD, but I like bash.

[[User:Digiot|Digiot]] 21:51, Mar 15, 2004 (EST)

: I don't know about all the system scripts, the ones i checked use sh, but csh is the default interactive shell on OpenBSD. I get along pretty well with the straight csh, but at times I really pine for NeXT's version of csh on OpenBSD though - it's like tcsh without all the junk ;)... as you could probably tell... [[User:Dysprosia|Dysprosia]] 03:49, Mar 16, 2004 (EST)

:: Oh. Well, if they're in sh and I can just change my shell to bash, that removes a concern. (I'm utterly clueless about NeXT and its shell but it does seem too many programs leap from needing a few improvements to being overloaded with nonsense without ever hitting the golden mean. I'm sure bash falls in the same class, but I don't have grounds for comparison. I don't pine for COMMAND.COM. ;) ) [[User:Digiot|Digiot]] 14:02, Mar 16, 2004 (EST)
----

What do you think of combining stdin, stdout, and stderr into one page called "Standard Files" or "Standard Streams" or something (with redirects from the currently existing pages)? Each article is small, and they are all closely related. --[[User:Snags|Snags]] 08:43, Mar 25, 2004 (EST)

: Neat, it seems we have the same interests. Thanks for fixing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics Wikipedia's physics article]. --[[User:Snags|Snags]]

:: Sounds like a good idea (Is that you, Decu? :) I'll have a little more time later and I'll start merging all into [[Standard IO stream]], I think... [[User:Dysprosia|Dysprosia]] 16:37, Mar 25, 2004 (EST)

::: I'm Not Decu. I guess there are more of us than we think. --[[User:Snags|Snags]] 10:00, Mar 26, 2004 (EST)

:::: In-ter-essss-ting ;) (Sorry bout the confusion!) [[User:Dysprosia|Dysprosia]] 18:21, Mar 26, 2004 (EST)
----
----
Dysprosia, would you mind contacting me (via email) when you have a chance? Thanks. [[User:Jeremy|Jeremy]] 12:32, Apr 8, 2004 (EDT)

----

Hi! I was wondering if you could precise what you meant in [[xterm]] with this paragraph:

:xterm ''is much more sophisticated than its use to interface with the command line'' - it is in fact a terminal emulator, emulating the standard DEC VT102/VT220 and Tektronix 4014-compatible computer terminals.

I'm not quite sure I get it and I don't want to make any changes before you can check out it you made a typo or something like that. [[User:MikeCapone|MikeCapone]] 10:14, May 29, 2004 (EDT)

: Reworded. Better? [[User:Dysprosia|Dysprosia]] 03:50, May 30, 2004 (EDT)

::Yes, it's fine now. Thanks! [[User:MikeCapone|MikeCapone]] 10:42, May 30, 2004 (EDT)

User talk:Dysprosia/Archive

2004-05-29T14:14:09Z

MikeCapone:

KDE

2004-05-29T14:10:39Z

MikeCapone: tweaked a few things

The '''K Desktop Environment''', better known as '''KDE''', was initially called, in 1996, "the '''K'''ool '''D'''esktop '''E'''nvironment". Its latest stable branch, KDE 3.2.x, has more "eye candy", more software and yet is faster than previous versions.

KDE is a powerful Open Source graphical [[desktop environment]] for [[Linux]] and Unix workstations. It combines ease of use and outstanding graphical design with the technological superiority of the Unix operating system. KDE and [[GNOME]] are the most widely used desktop environments on [[Linux]] and [[Unix-like]] [[operating systems]]

KDE's office suite is [[KOffice]].

KDE applications generally use the [[Qt]] toolkit for their [[GUI]].

Its official web browser and file manager is [[Konqueror]], and many of its applications mirror those of [[GNOME]].

==External links==
*[http://www.kde.org/ Official website]
*[http://wiki.kdenews.org/ The KDE Community Wiki]
*[http://www.kde.org/announcements/announcement.php Original announcement of the KDE Project in 1996]
*[http://dot.kde.org/ News regarding KDE]

Codec

2004-05-17T00:54:32Z

MikeCapone:

'''Codec''' stands for '''co'''der and '''de'''coder.

A codec usually allows you to encode raw data into whatever format the codec supports, or to decode data that has been encoded into a format supported by the codec.

For example see: [[XviD]]

Codec

2004-05-17T00:54:10Z

MikeCapone:

OpenOffice

2004-05-01T21:27:40Z

MikeCapone: +gnome and KDE integration projects

'''OpenOffice.org''' is both an open source product and a project. The product is a multi-platform office productivity suite. It combines the key desktop applications--such as a [[OpenOffice_swriter|word processor]], [[OpenOffice_scalc|spreadsheet]], [[OpenOffice_simpress|presentation manager]], [[OpenOffice_sdraw|drawing program]], and [[OpenOffice_sweb|web page design tool]]--with a user interface and feature set similar to other office suites. Sophisticated and flexible, OpenOffice.org also works transparently with a variety of file formats, including those of [[Microsoft Office]].

Available in 25 languages with more being constantly added by the community, OpenOffice.org runs stably and natively on [[Solaris]], [[Common_Questions_and_Misconceptions#Q:_What_is_Linux?|Linux]] (including PPC Linux), and [[Windows]]. Additional ports, such as for [[FreeBSD]], [[IRIX]], and Mac [[OS X]], are in various stages of completion.

Written in [[C plus plus|C++]] and with documented [[API|APIs]] licensed under the [[LGPL]] and [[SISSL]] Open Source licenses, OpenOffice.org allows any knowledgeable developer to benefit from the source. And because the file format for OpenOffice.org is [[XML]], interoperability is easy, making future development and adoption more certain.

[[SUN]] sells a commercial office suite based on OpenOffice.org, called [[StarOffice]]. Students can download it free from [http://wwws.sun.com/software/download/desktop_app.html sun.com].

==See Also==
* [[Openoffice Icon Themes|Customising Appearance]]

==External links==
*[http://www.openoffice.org/ The OpenOffice.org homepage]
**[http://download.openoffice.org/index.html Download page]
**[http://support.openoffice.org/index.html Support]
**[http://www.oooforum.org The OpenOffice.org Forum]
**[http://kde.openoffice.org/ KDE Integration Project]
*[http://www.gnome.org/projects/ooo/ GNOME/OpenOffice.org]

Slackware

2004-04-06T23:37:06Z

MikeCapone: added slackfiles.net external link

'''Slackware''' is the oldest active Linux [[distribution]], having begun life as a much improved variant of [[SLS]] (Soft Landing System) in 1993 and was perhaps the first distro to really put itself on the map. After that, [[Red Hat]] and [[Debian]] and still newer distributions followed. Slackware was originally, and still is to an extent, primarily the work of [[Patrick J. Volkerding]].

Slackware has a mixed reputation, being seen as pure, genuine, simple and a great distro to learn Linux on, or being seen as old-fashioned, unfriendly, and difficult for newbies.

It is true that, while capable of being as graphical as any distro, Slackware places an emphasis on the [[command line]] and text configuration. While it has [[Installing Software|package management]] tools, Slackware perhaps places an emphasis on compiling your own binaries, with well-stocked libraries, a complete suite of development tools, and everything in its place.

The installer is text-based, unlike most current graphical installers. It is straightforward and simple. [[LILO]] is the default loader, as opposed to the newer [[GRUB]]. Partitioning is completely in the user's control, done with either [[fdisk]] or [[cfdisk]]. The default runlevel is 3, which boots to a console login which leads to a [[bash]] prompt. The runlevel is defined by relatively clear and straightforward [[BSD]]-style init scripts, as opposed to [[SysV]]. Most of the few Slackware-specific tools are bash scripts. The default /etc/skel contains only a '.screenrc'. A wide array of packages are included but Slackware only expanded beyond a single disk of binaries with Slackware 9.1, now having two, while many distros include 3, 4, 7 or more. Such packages as are included are generally unpatched and compiled cleanly. The result is a fast, lean, stable system.

Throughout, the emphasis and attitude is that Slackware is a distribution of Linux and not a distribution "based on" Linux. It is a gateway, rather than an obstruction. It will work and to make it work best is up to the user's tastes and abilities.

The 'official' Slackware IRC channel is #slackware on irc.freenode.net. The #slackware channel on [http://www.efnet.net EFNet] is also very active and helpful.

==External links==


* [http://www.slackware.com slackware.com] - Official Website
* [http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/forumdisplay.php?forumid=14 Slackware Forum] - at linuxquestions.org
* [http://www.slackfiles.net/ The Slackfiles] - Central information source for Slackware users

User talk:LordK

2004-04-03T19:11:52Z

MikeCapone:

Hi! I was wondering, are you LordKenneth from Wikipedia? [[User:MikeCapone|MikeCapone]] 14:11, Apr 3, 2004 (EST)

----

Pine

2004-04-02T01:09:05Z

MikeCapone:

'''PINE''' stands for '''P'''rogram for '''I'''nternet '''N'''ews and '''E'''mail. Pine Is Not [[Elm]]. Pine is a [[curses]]-based [[Email Client]] written by the University of Washington. It is simple and easy to learn, and its major commands are always displayed at the bottom of the screen.

Pine uses the text editor [[Pico]] to compose email messages.

==See also==
*[[Elm]]
*[[Mutt]]

User:MikeCapone

2004-03-19T06:58:39Z

MikeCapone:

MikeCapone, a.k.a. Mikhail Capone

Also a contributor of [http://en.wikipedia.org Wikipedia (en)] and [http://fr.wikipedia.org Wikipedia (fr)].

Visit my stupid blog about music, tech news, politics and whatever else I feel like talking about:
* [http://mikecapone.blogspot.com Dirt and Soundwaves]

If you need help, feel free to leave a message on my [[User_talk:MikeCapone|talk]] page.

LQWiki:FAQ

2004-03-19T06:51:32Z

MikeCapone:

As we get questions we will build a [[FAQ]] here.
----
Q: What is the best way to reach administrators? Where can I make suggestions/complaints? Where is general policy decided?

A: The [http://lists.linuxquestions.org/mailman/listinfo/lqwiki-list Mailing-list].

----
Q: I need a help link that explains the editing syntax of this wiki. Where is it?

A: [[Wiki markup]]

----
Q: How do you delete a redundant page? I accindentally created a page that was already covered. I now want to remove it. Nothing liks to the page anymore, but it still exists. I could not find it in the Wiki documentation anywhere.

A: Looks like it's an [http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meta:Deletion_policy admin-only option]. Presumably there's some way to request a deletion. Meantime, I guess you could [http://wiki.linuxquestions.org/wiki/LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:How_to_use_a_redirect redirect] your accidental page to the existing one. See also http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redirect redirect for more information.

----
Q: What about #REDIRECTS(s) to pages that don't exist send you to that page in edit mode rather than displaying the soon to be redirected away from page with a list of the form:

1. REDIRECT Page To Redirect To?

A: Not sure I understand your question, but hopefully this will help:
You can create a redirect page to a page that doesn't exist yet. However, it will take you straight to the edit section of the nonexistent page. Until someone either changes the redirect or writes some content in the new page, it'll stay like that.

Note that you can't have a list of options on a redirect page, only one redirect is allowed, otherwise the redirect page is invalid.

----
Q: What software is being used for this Wiki?

A: http://sourceforge.net/projects/wikipedia/

----
Q: Why are all the articles in the root directory instead of being categorized like http://kb.mozillazine.org does it?

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LQWiki:FAQ

2004-03-17T07:54:34Z

MikeCapone: added reference to mailing-list, re-organized

As we get questions we will build a [[FAQ]] here.
----
Q: What is the best way to reach administrators? Where can I make suggestions/complaints? Where is general policy decided?

A: The [http://lists.linuxquestions.org/mailman/listinfo/lqwiki-list Mailing-list].

----
Q: I need a help link that explains the editing syntax of this wiki. Where is it?

A: [[Wiki_markup]]

----
Q: How do you delete a redundant page? I accindentally created a page that was already covered. I now want to remove it. Nothing liks to the page anymore, but it still exists. I could not find it in the Wiki documentation anywhere.

A: Looks like it's an [http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meta:Deletion_policy admin-only option]. Presumably there's some way to request a deletion. Meantime, I guess you could [http://wiki.linuxquestions.org/wiki/LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:How_to_use_a_redirect redirect] your accidental page to the existing one. See also http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redirect redirect for more information.

----
Q: What about #REDIRECTS(s) to pages that don't exist send you to that page in edit mode rather than displaying the soon to be redirected away from page with a list of the form:

1. REDIRECT Page To Redirect To?

A: Not sure I understand your question, but hopefully this will help:
You can create a redirect page to a page that doesn't exist yet. However, it will take you straight to the edit section of the nonexistent page. Until someone either changes the redirect or writes some content in the new page, it'll stay like that.

Note that you can't have a list of options on a redirect page, only one redirect is allowed, otherwise the redirect page is invalid.

----
Q: What software is being used for this Wiki?

A: http://sourceforge.net/projects/wikipedia/

----
Q: Why are all the articles in the root directory instead of being categorized like http://kb.mozillazine.org does it?

----

SMB

2004-03-13T20:24:34Z

MikeCapone:

See Also: [[Samba]] [[Lisa]]

'''S'''erver '''M'''essage '''B'''lock ('''SMB''') is the older name for the network protocols used in Windows networking for file and printer sharing, Windows messaging (not to be confused with [[Microsoft]]'s Instant Messaging software), and authentication.

Microsoft have officially renamed SMB to CIFS ("Common Internet File System"), but most Linux software and documentation still use the term SMB to refer to Windows networking.

Originally SMB did not use [[TCP/IP]] or the [[DNS]] system, instead using a proprietary transport system called [[NETBIOS]], and some adminstrators refer to Windows networking by that name. As of Windows 2000 all SMB is done over TCP/IP, but the older NETBIOS naming convention must still be used in some places, e.g.

\\server\share (Windows)

or

//server/share (Samba)

rather than:

smb://server.domain/share

== SMB Details and Links ==

Iptables

2004-03-13T20:21:50Z

MikeCapone:

[[Member Of]]: [[Security]] : [[Firewalls]]

'''Iptables''' is an administration tool for [[IPv4]] [[packet filtering]] and [[NAT]].

See [[Manually configuring a basic netfilter/iptables firewall]].

===External link===

* [http://www.linuxguruz.com/iptables/howto/ iptables HOW TO]
* [http://iptables-tutorial.frozentux.net/ BIG tutorial on using iptables]

Mac OS X

2004-03-11T22:10:46Z

MikeCapone:

'''Mac OS X''' is the latest iteration of the [[Mac]] [[Operating system]] by [[Apple]]. It is derived from [[BSD UNIX]], and as such is much closer to [[Linux]] than [[Windows]]. In fact, lots of Linux software will compile and run on Mac OS X, including the [[X Window Server]].

It uses the [[Darwin]] kernel.

==External links==

* [http://www.apple.com/macosx/ Apple's OSX page]
* [http://www.darwin.org/ Darwin.org] - Official website of the Darwin kernel
* [http://www.opendarwin.org/ OpenDarwin.org]

Scripts

2004-03-10T20:58:04Z

MikeCapone: minor additions

'''Scripts''' are small programs that don't need to be compiled, often written in languages such as [[Perl]], [[PHP]], [[JavaScript]], etc.

See also: [[Shell scripts]]

Configuring keyboards

2004-03-10T20:32:39Z

MikeCapone: fmt

==Enabling Keyboard Multimedia Keys==
Exactly how this is done depends upon which desktop manager you are using, a quick guide below for the common environments.

===General Instructions===
If your keyboard isn't supported you will need to make a custom keymap (xmodmap) that should be loaded each time X starts. Here's how you do it.
* Open a terminal while you are int X and start xev (a window will popup with the title "Event tester")
Place you cursor on the window 
Now when you type letters on your keyboard information about those key presses will be displayed in the terminal. Here's an example of what it prints out for me when I hit Page Up:
<code>
KeyPress event, serial 28, synthetic NO, window 0x3400001,
root 0x38, subw 0x0, time 636222625, (124,70), root:(1225,548),
state 0x10, keycode 99 (keysym 0xff55, Prior), same_screen YES,
XLookupString gives 0 bytes: ""
</code>
As you can see the key next has the keycode 99 and the symbol Prior. What you should do now is press your multimedia keys. Note that if your keyboard is unconfigured it will say "No Symbol". Now look what keycode it says for each multimedia key you press. As an example my "Labtec Internet keyboard" has a key labeld with a stop symbol and the output for it is:
<code>
KeyRelease event, serial 28, synthetic NO, window 0x3400001,
root 0x38, subw 0x0, time 636666629, (158,102), root:(832,903),
state 0x10, keycode 164 (keysym 0x0, NoSymbol), same_screen YES,
XLookupString gives 0 bytes: ""
</code>
So I write on a piece of paper 
Stop = 164 
Do this for each of your keyboards multimedia keys. When you are done you can close the Event Tester. 
*Select names symbols (names) for your keys
You have to chose symbols for your keys from [[XF86_keyboard_symbols|this list]].
* Write <code>[[xmodmap]] -pke > xmodmap.conf</code> 
This will output your current keymap to a file called xmodmap.conf so that we can add symbols to those keycodes. Open that file with your favorite editor:
* [[nano]] -w xmodmap.conf
Now find the keycodes of your mulimedia keys and write the appropriate symbol after it.
So for my stop key I chose the symbol XF86AudioStop wich will look like this 
keycode 164 = XF86AudioStop 
When you are done remember to SAVE THE FILE!
* To have your new keymap loaded every time X starts do<code>echo 'xmodmap xmodmap.conf' >> ~/.[[xinitrc]]</code>
* Load your xmodmap by commanding <code>xmodmap xmodmap.conf</code> (or you can just restart X) 
Users can send their keyboard's keycode symbol mappings to [[Keyboard_mapping_list|this list]]

===Gnome===
# Download and install acme (source available [http://ftp.acc.umu.se/pub/gnome/sources/acme/2.4/ here] from Gnome.org ftp site]. this software enables gnome to interpret keyboard multimedia keys.
# After rebooting, open the Gnome Control Centre.
# Open the "Multimedia Keys" icon.
# The dialog you are presented with allows you to configure which key on your keyboard does what. Go through the list selecting the relevant key on your keyboard.
# Now enable the Multimedia keys by clicking "Launch the Multimedia Key Daemon"

To enable the keys on every boot acme must be added to your profiles startup programs. Thi can be done by returning to control centre => Advanced=>Sessions, select the Startup Programs tab, click add and enter "acme".

Cwd

2004-03-10T20:02:52Z

MikeCapone:

'''CWD''' is the acronym for '''C'''urrent '''W'''orking '''D'''irectory.

The directory in which you are currently working. Can be viewed at any time by typing <code>pwd</code>

See also [[cd]], [[pwd]], [[ls]]

SSH

2004-03-10T20:01:49Z

MikeCapone: fmt

'''SSH''' is short for '''Secure Shell'''. First thought as a replacement for [[telnet]] with strong [[encryption]], it is now exactly that, and much more.

SSH is actually a swiss army knife networking tool, allowing you to do nearly everything you need -- and sometimes more. The ssh(1) [[manual page]] gives you a very good overview of the capabilities of ssh, as does [[Using SSH]] on this site.

Oh, by the way, there are two protocol versions of SSH around: 1 and 2. SSHv1 is proven to be abusable, and therefore considered obsolete and should not be used any more.

==See also==

* [[Using SSH]]
* [[Telnet and SSH]]

CORBA

2004-03-10T19:06:18Z

MikeCapone:

'''CORBA''' is a standard for performing remote procedure calls. The standard is handled by the OMG. CORBA has been implemented on several different platforms and the Java SE classpath includes support for writing a CORBA server/client.

Unicode

2004-03-10T19:03:58Z

MikeCapone: fmt

===What is unicode===
''From the unicode website:''

The Unicode Consortium is a non-profit organization founded to develop, extend and promote use of the Unicode Standard, which specifies the representation of text in modern software products and standards. The membership of the consortium represents a broad spectrum of corporations and organizations in the computer and information processing industry. The consortium is supported financially solely through membership dues. Membership in the Unicode Consortium is open to organizations and individuals anywhere in the world who support the Unicode Standard and wish to assist in its extension and implementation.

==External Link==
* [http://www.unicode.org/ Unicode.org]

Wine

2004-03-10T18:55:57Z

MikeCapone: fmt

'''Wine''' is the Windows emulation subsystem. It allows you to run some [[Windows]] applications and games on Linux without a copy of Windows.

Applications run under Wine usually operate at the same speed they do in Windows, which makes Wine suitable for playing games, unlike other emulation solutions such as [[VMware]] or [[Win4Lin]] which actually emulate an entire computer.

Wine works by loading an EXE in the same way Windows would, then linking the program against its own, open source, implementations of the various DLLs that make up core Windows functionality. Therefore the capabilities of Wine are linked to how complete its versions of the Microsoft DLLs are.

Wine has the following advantages over emulating a fake computer and running Windows inside it:

* Applications operate at full speed, making them useful on a day to day basis
* Applications integrate with the Linux desktop nicely. For instance they can use your [[Window Manager]], system tray, clipboard and appear in your Linux applications menu.
* Wine does not require a copy of Windows, so it is the only long term solution to eliminating the need for Windows entirely.

Unfortunately, Wine has the following disadvantages:

* It's not capable of running all applications. Some programs crash, won't install, or have strange glitches that prevent them being useful.
* It can be tricky to setup and use
* WineHQ does not do real releases, only CVS snapshots. That means you can upgrade and find your program has actually stopped working.

In order to alleviate some of these problems, [[CodeWeavers]] stepped in and started producing a commercialized version of Wine which makes it much easier to use, and is hacked to work better with popular productivity programs such as Office, DreamWeaver, Lotus Notes and so on. [[TransGaming]] have done the same for games with their [[WineX]] product, but while CodeWeavers still contribute back heavily to the original Wine project, TransGaming have mostly left the community and work on their own proprietary fork.

==External link==

* [http://winehq.org Official Wine website]

Bash tips

2004-03-10T07:49:36Z

MikeCapone: removed signature

==== Some General Comments ====
If you type in a rather long and complex [[command]] at the [[command line]], you might want to save that command in a [[text file]], so you can execute it later without having to type the whole long thing in again. If you add a line to the beginning of that file, like "<tt>#!/bin/bash</tt>" (a so-called "[[shebang]]" line), and then make the file executable with the <tt>[[chmod]]</tt> command, you've just created a shell script.

Here's an example shell script:
<pre>
#!/bin/bash
# Any line that starts with a hash, besides the shebang line, is a comment.
echo "Hello world!"
</pre>

You run the [[shell script]] just like any other [[executable]]. Some folks create a <tt>bin</tt> directory in their home directory within which to place their scripts. Others drop them in <tt>/usr/local/bin</tt>.

Some key points to keep in mind about shell scripts:
* They execute their commands, line by line, just as if you'd typed them in yourself at the command line.
* The commands in the script run in a [[subshell]] of the shell from which you executed the script.
* Don't put spaces around equal signs.

You could check out the [[bash]] page and you'll also find lots of info in the [http://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide].

Enjoy!

----

==== Get your IP address====

A [[bash]] example to get your IP address using http://www.whatismyip.com: 
lynx -dump http://www.whatismyip.com | awk '/^Your IP is/ { print $4; }'

Or use this: 
/sbin/ifconfig ppp0 | awk '/inet/{ printf("%s\n", substr($2,index($2,":")+1)) }' 

Note that ppp0 stands for the first point-to-point-protocol device which is usually a modem. If you are using an ethernet adapter instead, replace ppp0 with eth0. You can also leave it out all together to list all the addresses associated with your computer.

----

====Some counting examples====
x=0; ((x++))
x=0; x=$((x+1))
x=0; let x=$x+1
for (( x=0; x<10; x++ )) ; do echo $x ; done

for x in `seq 0 9`; do echo $x; done
x=0; x=$(expr $x + 1)
x=0; x=$(echo $x + 1|bc)
x=4; x=$(echo scale=5\; $x / 3.14|bc)

The first four demonstrate Bash' internal counting mechanisms, these will not use external programs and are thus safe (and fast).
The last four use external programs. [[bc]], as used in the last two examples, is the only one that supports numbers with decimals. For adding, subtracting and multiplying, you don't have to do anything special, but for division you need to specify the number of digits to keep (default is none) using the 'scale=n' line.
----

====Combining multiple conditions of if statements====
AND:
<pre>
if(a==1 && b==2)
</pre>
OR:
<pre>
if(( a==1|2|3 ))
</pre>

----

====Renaming a set of files====

<tt>for f in oldname* ; do mv $f ${f/oldname/newname} ; done</tt>

[[mmv]] is a really nifty tool for doing this sort of thing more flexibly too.

----

====Extracting addresses from a mailbox file====
This statement will pull out everything that looks like an e-mail address from a mailbox file (here called ''foo''), and sort them into alphabetical order. Note, it should be typed all on one line.
:<tt>awk '!/essage-[iI][dD]/ && !/MAILER-DAEMON/ && match ($0, /([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9._-]*@[A-Za-z0-9._-]*)/) {print substr($0, RSTART, RLENGTH)}' ''foo'' |sort |uniq</tt>
The <tt>awk</tt> script works as follows. If the line is not a message-id header, does not mention "MAILER-DAEMON", and has something in it that looks like an email address, then the address-like portion is extracted and printed. The output from <tt>awk</tt> is sorted alphabetically by the <tt>sort</tt> statement, and the <tt>uniq</tt> statement deletes repetitions. You probably will want to divert the output to another file; if the name of this file is ''bar'' then simply add <tt>>''bar''</tt> to the end of the above. But it wouldn't hurt to check that the statement works before you commit it to a file. You can run it once, displaying everything on the screen, amd scroll back with your mouse wheel to check the output. if it looks OK, you just need to press cursor up (which will recover the previous line for editing and position the cursor at the end of the line), and then type the extra more-than sign and filename.

----

====Converting several wav files to mp3====
This statement will convert all .wav files in a directory to mp3 (assuming you already have the [[http://lame.sourceforge.net/ lame]] package installed):
:<tt>for i in *.wav; do lame -h $i && rm $i; done</tt>
The double ampersand prevents rm from deleting files that weren't successfully converted.

----

====Resolving a link====
This little script follows symbolic links wherever they may lead and prints the ultimate filename (if it exists!)

<tt><CODE><PRE>
#!/bin/sh

# prints the real file pointed to by a link
# usage: $0 link

ORIG_LINK="$1"
LINK=`fqn "$1"`
while [ -h "$LINK" ]; do
DIR=`dirname "$LINK"`

# next link is everything from "-> "
LINK=`ls -l "$LINK" |sed "s/^.*-> //"`

LINK=`cd "$DIR"; fqn "$LINK"`
if [ ! -e "$LINK" ]; then
echo "\"$ORIG_LINK\" is a broken link: \"$LINK\" does not exist" >&2
exit 1
fi
done
echo "$LINK"
exit 0
</PRE></CODE></tt>

----

====Finding the 50 largest directories====

du -S / | sort -nr | head -n50

----
====Auto-generating a shebang line====
:<tt>(echo -n '#!'; which perl; tail -n+2 foo) > bar</tt>
This will print "#!" and the path to <tt>perl</tt>, then everything except the first line (the original shebang) of the file <tt>foo</tt>; and redirect all that to go into a file <tt>bar</tt>.

This is really meant for use in install scripts; obviously you know where perl is on your system, but not necessarily on anybody else's system (though <tt>/usr/bin/perl</tt> is a safe guess). But you know bash is always at <tt>/bin/sh</tt>. So, instead of just saying in the documentation "change the first line .....", you can write a little shell script that puts the correct shebang line in the file and copies it to <tt>/usr/local/bin</tt>. Then, put this script in a .tar.gz file with your perl script and any documentation.

----
====Creating an audio CD from .mp3 files====
This little script requires the mpg123 and [[http://cdrdao.sourceforge.net/ cdrdao]] packages. It uses mpg123 to create a .wav file from each mp3 in the current directory, and builds up a "TOC" file (Table Of Contents) as it goes along, using the && notation to be sure only to include successfully-converted files. Finally, it starts writing the CD.

The TOC file is given a name based on the PID, and is placed in the current directory. Neither it nor the .wav files will be deleted at the end of the script, so you can always burn another copy of the CD if you want.

<CODE><PRE>#!/bin/sh
tocfile="cd_$$.toc"
echo "CD_DA" > $tocfile
for i in *mp3
do wav="`basename $i .mp3`.wav"
mpg123 -w$wav $i\
&& echo -en >>$tocfile "TRACK AUDIO\nFILE \"$wav\" 0\n"
done
echo -e "TOC file still available at $tocfile"
cdrdao write $tocfile
</PRE></CODE>

Note: in the <tt>for</tt> statement, you might think at first sight that
it should be <tt>for i in *.mp3</tt>; but Linux doesn't care about
filename extensions at all. * will match a . character; therefore, *mp3
will match everything ending in mp3 or .mp3. Those characters are unlikely
to be found on the end of anything but an mp3 file.

----
==== Portable Indirection ====
Sometimes you need to use the value of a variable whose name is held in another variable. This is indirection. For example:
<tt><CODE><PRE>
for V in PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH; do echo ${!V}; done
</PRE></CODE></tt>
but that isn't portable to older shells, eg. the old Bourne shell. A portable way is to use the following instead of <tt>${!V}</tt>:
<tt><CODE><PRE>
`eval echo \\$"$V"`
</PRE></CODE></tt>
It's not pretty but at least it works on nearly all Unixes.

----

XDMCP

2004-03-10T05:30:52Z

MikeCapone: fmt, cleaned up

'''X Display Manager Control Protocol''' (XDMCP) is a method of using a [[network]] to remotely access another system's graphical [[desktop environment]].

==External link==

* [http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/XDMCP-HOWTO/intro.html XDMCP how to]

LQWiki:Wiki markup

2004-03-10T05:28:24Z

MikeCapone: removed signature

For now, please see the [http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki_User%27s_Guide:_Editing_overview#The_wiki_markup official markup guide]. You can use the [[Sandbox]] for testing.

''This article is a [[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:stub_articles|stub]] and needs to be finished. [[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:plunging_forward|Plunge forward]] and [[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:How_to_edit_a_page|help it grow]] !'' 

''Please click '''Edit this page''' to copy the above stub message to other pages that need it.'' 

== Markup Reference ==

----
=== Creating New Pages ===

:'''Definition''':

:You can create an entirely New page in the Wiki by simply enclosing a piece of text with a pair of double square brackets. For a new blank page to be created though, the text must ''not'' refer to an existing page name. (If it does, then a link will be created to that page)

:'''An example''':

:To create a new page about the mathematician, Turing, simply enclose the word Turing in a pair of double square brackets in your sentence ie:

:'''This markup''':

:Alan <nowiki>[[Turing]]</nowiki> was a great mathematician.

:'''Produces''':

:Alan [[Turing]] was a great mathematician.

:(Now simply click on your new red link, and you're presented with a blank page ready for adding content to)

----

=== Creating Links ===
:Links help connect the many pages together.
==== Creating Links to pages in the LQ Wiki ====

:'''Definition''':

:You can link to other pages in this Wiki by simply enclosing a piece of text with a pair of double square brackets - for a link to be created though, the text you enclose must match an existing page name.

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki>[[Debian]]</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:[[Debian]] 

:(And for page names which contain underscores ie Main_Page)

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki>[[Main_Page]]</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:[[Main_Page]] 
 

==== Creating Links to pages in a different Namespace ====

:If a page is in a different Namespace, make sure you ''qualify'' it with the "name" of the Namespace itself - Have a look at the '''Popularpages''' example. 

:'''This markup''':

:<nowiki>[[Special:Popularpages]]</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:[[Special:Popularpages]] 

:'''Another example''': Why doesn't this work properly? 

:<nowiki> [[plunging_forward]] </nowiki> -> [[plunging_forward]] 

:Because the page is part of a different Namespace and it ''hasn't been qualified''. Here is the right way to link to it - Notice that it has now been qualified: 

:'''This markup''':

:<nowiki>[[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:plunging_forward]]</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:[[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:plunging_forward]] 
 

==== Creating Links with the Pipe symbol ====

:You can use the pipe (|) symbol to create a link which uses your own custom text, instead of the actual target page name: 

:'''This markup''':

:<nowiki>[[Special:Popularpages|Check out the cool LQ Wiki!]]</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:[[Special:Popularpages|Check out the cool LQ Wiki!]] 

:(You can see in the example above how you can refer to the actual page name, with your own choice of custom text)

==== Creating Links to places outside the LQ Wiki ====
:To link to places outside of the LQ Wiki, you use a slightly different format compared to the internal links. Here are some ways to link to the the LQ homepage: 

*Automatic:
**<nowiki> http://www.linuxquestions.org </nowiki> -> http://www.linuxquestions.org 
*Numbered:
**<nowiki>[http://www.linuxquestions.org]</nowiki> -> [http://www.linuxquestions.org] 
*Custom text:
**<nowiki>[http://www.linuxquestions.org LinuxQuestions] </nowiki> -> [http://www.linuxquestions.org LinuxQuestions] 
*More custom text:
**<nowiki>[http://www.linuxquestions.org LQ r0x!] </nowiki> -> [http://www.linuxquestions.org LQ r0x!] 

----

=== Creating Sections and Subsections ===

'''Definition''':
 

'''Sections''' can be used to both, organize blocks of text, and to indicate their position/level within a larger structure - each section title will also appear in a nested format in a Table of Contents.

To create a section, simply enclose a piece of text at either end with the same number of equals signs - The number of equals signs, determines the ''type'' of section.

<nowiki> == New section == </nowiki> This makes a section. 
<nowiki> === Subsection === </nowiki> This makes a subsection. 
<nowiki> ==== Sub-subsection ==== </nowiki> This makes a sub-subsection 
 

'''An example''': this markup:

<nowiki> === Example: Hi! I'm a Subsection === </nowiki> 
<nowiki> ==== I'm a Sub-subsection ==== </nowiki> 
 

'''Produces''': 

=== Example: Hi! I'm a Subsection ===
==== I'm a Sub-subsection ====

(You can see in the example above how the number of equals signs alters the type of section.)
----

=== Enhancing your text ===
==== Creating Horizontal lines ====

'''Definition''':

You can create a horizontal line by simply putting 4 dashes on an empty line - (like below)

<nowiki>----</nowiki>

'''An example''': this markup:

Your text above line 
<nowiki>----</nowiki> 
Your text below line

'''Produces''':

Your text above line
----
Your text below line

(It provides a neat way to divide up sections and also to aid clarity on Talk pages)
----

==== Creating Line Breaks ====

:'''Definition''':

:To create a line break simply use this markup:

:<nowiki> </nowiki>

:in a line/sentence.

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki>This sentence can contain a break and continue on the next line.</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:This sentence can contain a break and continue on the next line.

----

==== Creating Centered Text ====

:'''Definition''':

:To center text on a page simply enclose it with:

:<nowiki><center> </center></nowiki>

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki><center>This text will be centered</center></nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

<center>This text will be centered</center>

----

==== Creating Bold Text ====

:'''Definition''':

:To make a piece of text, into bold text, simply enclose it at either end with 3 apostrophes.

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki>'''Making text bold'''</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:'''Making text bold'''
----

==== Creating Italic Text ====

:'''Definition''':

:To make a piece of text, into Italics, simply enclose it at either end with 2 apostrophes.

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki>''Transforming text into Italics''</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:''Transforming text into Italics''

----

==== Creating Small text ====

:'''Definition''':

:You can transform part of a sentence into Small text by simply enclosing it with:

:<nowiki> </nowiki>

:'''An example''': this markup:

:Part of this sentence will be transformed into <nowiki>Small text</nowiki> - useful for ''captions''.

:'''Produces''':

:Part of this sentence will be transformed into Small text - useful for ''captions''.

:(You might need to temporarily increase the text size in your Web-browser to see the contrast between normal text and Small text - don't worry, it is there!)
----

==== Creating Text with Special Fonts ====

:'''Definition''':

:You can transform the font of a piece of text into the typewriter font by enclosing it with:

:<nowiki><tt> </tt></nowiki>

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki>The font in <tt>part of this sentence will change to the typewriter font</tt> - useful for emphasizing technical passages.</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:The font in <tt>part of this sentence will change to the typewriter font</tt> - useful for emphasizing technical passages.

----

==== Creating Superscripts ====

:'''Definition''':

:You can create Superscripts by simply enclosing a piece of text with:

:<nowiki> </nowiki>

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki>a2</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:a2

----
==== Creating Subscripts ====

:'''Definition''':

:You can create Subscripts by simply enclosing a piece of text with:

:<nowiki> </nowiki>

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki>xn</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:xn

----

=== Creating Comments ===

:'''Definition''':

:You can put Comments in your Wiki markup by simply enclosing a piece of text with:

:<nowiki><!</nowiki><tt>-- --</tt><nowiki>></nowiki>

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki><!</nowiki><tt>--</tt> This is a comment and won't appear on the proper page <tt>--</tt><nowiki>></nowiki>

:'''Produces''': 



:(Can you see how nothing has appeared on this page after the transformation - this is what we want - the comment is still in the markup, behind the scenes, but doesn't show on this visible page)

----

=== Bullets & Numbering ===

==== Bullets ====

:'''Definition''':

:To make a piece of text into bulleted text, simply add asterisks to the left of the text - ''the number of asterisks to the left determines the bullet level.''

:'''An example''': this markup: 
:<nowiki>*</nowiki> I'm a first-level bullet 
:<nowiki>**</nowiki> I'm a second-level bullet 
:<nowiki>***</nowiki> I'm a third-level bullet 

:'''Produces''': 
* I'm a first-level bullet
** I'm a second-level bullet
*** I'm a third-level bullet

==== Numbered lists====
:'''Definition''':

:To transform a list into a numbered list simply add a hash character to the left of every item in the list.

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki>#First item in list</nowiki>
:<nowiki>#Second item in list</nowiki>
:<nowiki>#Third item in list</nowiki>
:<nowiki>#Fourth item in list</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:#First item in list
:#Second item in list
:#Third item in list
:#Fourth item in list

==== Indented Numbered lists====

:'''Definition''':

:Numbered lists can also be indented. The number of hash characters to the left of an item, determines the indent level - within each indent level the numbering 1,2,3...n, corresponds to how many items are in the list at that level.

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki>#Red</nowiki>
:<nowiki>#Blue</nowiki>
:<nowiki>##Green</nowiki>
:<nowiki>##Yellow</nowiki>
:<nowiki>##Purple</nowiki>
:<nowiki>###Brown</nowiki>
:<nowiki>###Black</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

:#Red
:#Blue
:##Green
:##Yellow
:##Purple
:###Brown
:###Black

:You can see how the number of hash characters to the left of an item determines its indent level - for example, 2 hash characters creates a 2nd indent level item, also that the number of items in the list at that level determines the numbering - for example - 3 items in the list at "level 2" creates the numbering 1,2,3 for that indent level.

----

==== Bullets ''&'' Numbering ====
:You can mix the numbers and bullets: 
:''Note that the #'s and *'s are counted together. The sum of both determines the level.'' 
* I am a level one bullet, *
*# I am level two and have a number ( *# )
*#* I am level three, and I'm under a number ( *#* )
*## I am a level three, & and I'm number one in this level ( *## )
*##* I'm a bullet under level four ( *##* )

*#* I'm under level three ( *#* )

----

=== Creating Indents ===


==== Using the Colon to indent ====


:'''Definition''':

:You can use a series of colons to indent passages of text/characters etc - ''the number of colons to the left of a passage determines the indent level''. 

:'''An example''': this markup:

:<nowiki>:This piece of text will be indented once because there's 1 colon.</nowiki>
:<nowiki>::This piece of text will be indented twice because there's 2 colons.</nowiki>

:'''Produces''':

::This piece of text will be indented once because there's 1 colon.
:::This piece of text will be indented twice because there's 2 colons.

:You can also make spaces with regular spaces at the beginning of a line. Whenever you put a space at the beginning of a line, all spaces are not removed. The line is displayed exactly the way it was typed (kinda like the [CODE] tags at LQ). 

:Before: 

:if (hasSpaceAtBeginning()); //I don't have a space before me
:dontMessWithIt(); //I have none either

:After: 
if (hasSpaceAtBeginning()); //I have a space before me
dontMessWithIt(); //I have several
 

==== Using the Semicolon to indent ====

:You can also use the semicolon ( ; ) for a different kind of indent: 

:( <nowiki>;I am not indented : I am.</nowiki> )

:turns into: 

:;I am not indented : I am.

----

=== Talk Pages ===

You can use a combination of simple pieces of markup to aid clarity/consistency in the [[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:Talk_Pages|Talk pages]]. Two common ones are the '''Horizontal dividing line''' and the use of '''Tildes''' to sign your comments.

'''Horizontal dividing line''':

You can create a horizontal line by simply putting 4 dashes on an empty line - (like below)

<nowiki>----</nowiki>

'''An example''': this markup:

<nowiki>----</nowiki> 

'''Produces''':

----

(That nice neat dividing line above)

'''Username/Date/Time''':

To sign your Username simply put 3 Tildes on an empty line like this:

<nowiki>~~~</nowiki>

And for your Username plus the date and time, put 4 Tildes on an empty line like this:

<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>

(left out transformation in this example because author's Username isn't relevant)

It would be similar to the line below with obvious differences...

Username 12:00, Mon 2, 2012 (TMZone)

Where Username is a link to the users personal page.

----

=== Sample Code ===

You can copy and paste code samples into the page with

<tt><CODE><PRE>
<tt><CODE><PRE>

your code - can include '&' and '<' signs

</PRE></CODE></tt>
</PRE></CODE></tt>
... and you don't need to 'escape' any < and & signs

----

Bash tips

2004-03-10T05:27:41Z

MikeCapone: removed signature -- this is a collaborative work, we do not sign

SmoothWall

2004-03-10T04:57:39Z

MikeCapone: fmt

'''SmoothWall''' Express is an open source [[Firewall distributions|firewall distribution]] based on the [[GNU/Linux]] operating system. Linux is the ideal choice for security systems; it is well proven, secure, highly configurable and freely available as open source code. SmoothWall includes a hardened subset of the [[GNU]]/[[Linux]] operating system, so there is no separate OS to install. Designed for ease of use, SmoothWall is configured via a web-based [[GUI]], and requires absolutely no knowledge of Linux to install or use.

==External link==

* [http://smoothwall.org/ Official Smoothwall website]

Firewall distributions

2004-03-10T04:54:38Z

MikeCapone: fmt, cleaned up -- firewall and firewalls should be one article, though

A '''firewall distribution''' is simply a distro whose primary function is to act as a [[firewall]]. A typical firewall distro might come on a bootable cd-rom or Floppy disc, and enable you to transform a PC into a dedicated firewall appliance.

==List of firewall distributions==

*[[Devil-Linux]]
*[[SmoothWall]]
*[[IPCop]]
*[[Coyote]]

----

See also : [[Firewalls]]

''This article is a [[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:stub_articles|stub]] and needs to be finished. [[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:plunging_forward|Plunge forward]] and [[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:How_to_edit_a_page|help it grow]] !''

OSS

2004-03-10T04:51:30Z

MikeCapone:

'''OSS''' is a common abbreviation for [[Open Source]] Software.
----
'''OSS''' is also an abbreviation for the [[Open Sound System]], a set of sound drivers provided with the 2.4 Linux [[kernel]]. As of kernel version 2.6, OSS drivers have been replaced with [[ALSA]].

KDE

2004-03-10T03:02:56Z

MikeCapone:

The '''K Desktop Environment''', better known as '''KDE''', was not founded with this name initially. It was the Kool Desktop Environment in 1996. Its latest stable branch, KDE 3.2.x, has more "eye candy", yet is faster than previous versions.

KDE is a powerful Open Source graphical [[Desktop_Environment | desktop environment]] for [[Linux]] and Unix workstations. It combines ease of use and outstanding graphical design with the technological superiority of the Unix operating system.

KDE's office suite is [[KOffice]].

KDE developers have always been fascinated by the [[Unix|UNIX]] operating system and designed KDE to provide a suitable [[GUI]] to the best OS.

KDE applications generally use the [[Qt]] toolkit for their [[GUI]]

Its official web browser and file manager is [[Konqueror]], and many of its applications mirror those of [[GNOME]].

==External links==
*[http://www.kde.org Official website]
*[http://wiki.kdenews.org The KDE Community Wiki]
*[http://www.kde.org/announcements/announcement.php Original announcement of the KDE Project in 1996]

Konqueror

2004-03-10T02:35:01Z

MikeCapone: wikified, fmt

[[KDE]]'s web browser, '''Konqueror''', is a standards-based web browser that uses the khtml rendering engine (as opposed to gecko for [[Mozilla]]). This engine is also used by [[Apple]] in their [[Safari]] browser.

All in all, Konqueror gives a light-weight, integrated, yet complete, browsing experience. One feature worthy of note is the automatic spell checker in forms.

Konqueror is also the very nice KDE File Browser utility. This goes for local as well as remote files which it can access via a range of networking protocols such as [[FTP]], [[SMB]] (Windows networking), [[NFS]] and [[SSH]]/[[SFTP]].

Konqueror ships with [[KDE]]; however, it can be installed on most Linux distributions that do not have KDE installed on them.

==External link==

* [http://konqueror.org/ Official Konqueror website]

Spam filtering

2004-03-09T21:24:02Z

MikeCapone:

Most email on the Internet is unsolicited commercial
email, also known as [[SPAM]]. The problem is not only annoying for users, but has been proven to cause stress. For providers the problem is expensive, since the massive amount of e-mails consume a lot of bandwidth, performance and hard-disk on the servers.

There are several ways to reduce the number of e-mails that ultimately reach your mail client. In many cases the preferred method is using the server to fight the problem in the first place. However this needs some consideration, because simply rejecting e-mails can piss-off legitimate users.

===Recommended SPAM filters===
There are several filters that analyze the e-mails the moment it has arrived on the server. Since the main resource being used on larger systems is diskspace, it can be interesting to reject SPAM (and thus save the diskspace) and use the processing power to run multiple applications. The most prominent filters are:
* [http://www.spamassassin.org SpamAssassin] is a free spam filtering system that filters about 95% of the spam out of a mail stream with only a small false-positive rate. The tool can tag e-mails to prevent e-mails from being lost. SpamAssassin does not need to be trained.

* [http://crm114.sourceforge.net/ CRM114] is an email filtering system much like SpamAssassin. The author claims it has 99.984% accuracy. Can be trained with personal email or existing database.

* [[Mozilla]] Mail/[[Thunderbird]] are e-mail clients that have integrated spam filtering. The filtering capabilities are extremely easy to use and can be trained by the user to recognize more effectively unwanted mail.

===Recommended Blacklists (RBL's)===
SPAM e-mails are typically sent, while trying to hide the real sender. People abuse other systems to get their message into the world. Several parties have started efforts to blacklists IP-addresses that are mainly used to sent SPAM. By [[addingRBLs|adding]] some of these blacklists to your MTA, or Mail Transfer Agent, like Postfix, QMail or Sendmail you reduce the number of e-mails (mainly SPAM) that arrive at your webserver. The major blacklists can be found here:
* ipwhois.rfc-ignorant.org checks if the IP-address is properly in DNS
* bl.spamcop.net
* relays.ordb.org
* opm.blitzed.org
* list.dsbl.org
* sbl.spamhaus.org
* cbl.abuseat.org
* dul.dnsbl.sorbs.net
* blackhole.securitysage.com
* virus.rbl.spamtrap.nl IP addresses known to sent viruses along.
* cbl.abuseat.org

===Spam Filtering Techniques===
*[[Bayesian Filtering]]
** [[SpamAssassin]], [[SpamBayes]], [[PopFile]], [[bmf]], [[ifile]], [[dspam]], others?
*[[Whitelist Filtering]]
** [[Procmail]], [[TMDA]], others?
*[[Blacklisting]]
**[[RBL]], others?

DOSBox

2004-03-09T20:24:49Z

MikeCapone: corrected redirect: #redirect: Dosbox

#redirect: [[Dosbox]]

Linux

2004-03-09T20:11:05Z

MikeCapone: fmt, cleaned up, externel links

'''Linux''' is a [[kernel]], the heart of the [[operating system]] sometimes called [[GNU/Linux]]. It was initially programmed by the famous Finnish programmer, [[Linus Torvalds]] and was first released in 1991. Nowadays the kernel is being developed by a mass of developers all over the world.

Its mascot is a penguin called [[Tux]].

==External links==

* [http://www.kernel.org The Linux Kernel Project]
* [http://www.kerneltrap.org KernelTrap] - Latest news on *NIX kernel development

Firefox

2004-03-09T20:05:06Z

MikeCapone:

'''Mozilla Firefox''' is a [[cross-platform]], [[open source]], free [[web browser]] available for [[Windows]], [[Mac OS X]], [[Linux]] and a few other systems. Unlike the [[Mozilla]] Suite, which also possesses a [[chat]] client, [[mail]] functions, and web page editor, Firefox is just a browser. It is faster than the full Mozilla suite and is a good choice if you already have, or do not need, a chat client and mail application.

Despite its pre-release state, Firefox is a viable alternative or replacement for Microsoft's browser, [[Internet Explorer]]. With features such as pop-up blocking and tabbed browsing, it allows for increased control over one's web surfing environment.

Firefox is currently at [[version]] 0.8. Firefox was originally known as Phoenix but was later renamed to first to Firebird and then, in February 2004, to Firefox, because of confusion with [[FireBirdSQL]].

==Distribution specific information==

* '''Debian''' users: Firefox 0.8 .deb's for sarge (maybe others, haven't tried) are available via [[apt-get]]. Here's the line to add to /etc/apt/sources.list:
:: deb http://people.debian.org/~eric/debian/i386/ ./

== External Links ==

* [http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/ Official FireFox homepage]
* [http://texturizer.net/firefox/extensions/ FireFox extensions]
* [http://texturizer.net/firefox/support.html FireFox support]

Firefox

2004-03-09T20:04:30Z

MikeCapone: fmt, cleaned up

'''Mozilla Firefox''' is a [[cross-platform]], [[open source]], free [[web browser]] available for [[Windows]], [[Mac OS X]], [[Linux]] and a few other systems. Unlike the [[Mozilla]] Suite, which also possesses a [[chat]] client, [[mail]] functions, and web page editor, Firefox is just a browser. It is faster than the full Mozilla suite and is a good choice if you already have, or do not need, a chat client and mail application.

Despite its pre-release state, Firefox is a viable alternative or replacement for Microsoft's browser, [[Internet Explorer]]. With features such as pop-up blocking and tabbed browsing, it allows for increased control over one's web surfing environment.

Firefox is currently at [[version]] 0.8. Firefox was originally known as Phoenix but was later renamed to first to Firebird and then, in February 2004, to Firefox, because of confusion with [[FireBirdSQL]].

==Distribution specific information==

* '''Debian''' users: Firefox 0.8 .deb's for sarge (maybe others, haven't tried) are available via [[apt-get]]. Here's the line to add to /etc/apt/sources.list:
deb http://people.debian.org/~eric/debian/i386/ ./

== External Links ==

* [http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/ Official FireFox homepage]
* [http://texturizer.net/firefox/extensions/ FireFox extensions]
* [http://texturizer.net/firefox/support.html FireFox support]

Mac OS X

2004-03-09T19:52:39Z

MikeCapone: links, darwin kernel reference

FreeDOS

2004-03-09T19:48:58Z

MikeCapone: fmt

'''FreeDOS''': ''Free, MS-DOS compatible operating system''

The FreeDOS project was founded in 1994 by Jim Hall.

[[DOSEMU|DOSemu]] runs the FreeDOS kernel to emulate DOS.

See also: [[DOS]], [[DOSEMU]]

==External links==

*[http://www.freedos.org/ FreeDOS.org] - Official FreeDOS website

User talk:Skyline

2004-03-09T18:04:10Z

MikeCapone:

Use this page to chat/discuss Wiki issues with me :)

[[User:Skyline|Skyline]] 20:05, Feb 23, 2004 (EST)

----

Great work on the formatting page! Extremely useful. Just an observation, though: could you save up your edits by editing the preview page repeatedly rather than saving the edits so often? That'll cut down on the logging of changes and make things easier to follow. I usually take at least two edits for everything I do, it seems, so I'm not one to talk, but it just seems like it would be good to keep the logged edits down.

Either way, that's some good stuff.

[[User:Digiot|Digiot]] 03:27, Feb 25, 2004 (EST)

----

Thanks....

[[User:Skyline|Skyline]] 11:23, Feb 25, 2004 (EST)
----

Great work on the Wiki Skyline.

It's gud, it's good, it's gooood. :)

[[User:Linuxlala|Linuxlala]]
----

Thanks, Lala, I appreciate that :) - the Wiki Markup guide has been my main focus so far - hope to have more time to contribute more to other areas soon - we've currently got an active Talk surrounding the structure of the Apps page etc - feel free to add ideas etc - hope to get a few opinions before we re-arrange the Apps area.

[[User:Skyline|Skyline]] 01:49, Feb 28, 2004 (EST)

----

You don't need underscores in links for spaces, nor do you need to pipe them :) [[User:Dysprosia|Dysprosia]] 23:23, Mar 8, 2004 (EST)

:Either way works perfectly well, but yes, using spaces is ''slightly'' simpler - thanks :)

:[[User:Skyline|Skyline]] 06:34, Mar 9, 2004 (EST)

----

Nice work Skyline! I suggest you join the mailing-list if you are interested in helping out with the behind the scene stuff. [[User:MikeCapone|MikeCapone]] 02:29, Marc 8, 2004 (EST)

:Thanks... already joined Mike and like several other people, have been helping out with "behind the scenes stuff" since the start:)

:[[User:Skyline|Skyline]] 05:38, Mar 9, 2004 (EST)

::Good! I'm new so I don't know everybody yet, but I figured that I had to invite you just in case you weren't aware of it. Keep up the good work. [[User:MikeCapone|MikeCapone]] 13:04, Marc 9, 2004 (EST)
----

Gecko

2004-03-09T07:51:23Z

MikeCapone: created article, basic info

'''Gecko''' is the name of the rendering engine of [[Mozilla]], an open source browser. It is also used by other browsers such as [[Epiphany]], [[Galeon]], [[K-Meleon]], etc.

Mozilla

2004-03-09T07:47:01Z

MikeCapone: fmt, compacted, cleaned up, added info about Firefox and thunderbird

'''Background''':

'''Mozilla''' was the original code name for the product that came to be known as [[Netscape]] Navigator, and later, Netscape Communicator.

Mozilla.org is a group chartered to act as the virtual meeting place for the Mozilla code. That group is overseen by the Mozilla Foundation.

The Mozilla Foundation, established in July 2003, with start-up support from [[America Online]]'s Netscape division, provides organizational, legal, and financial support for the Mozilla open-source software project. For more information about the creation of the Mozilla Foundation, see [http://www.mozilla.org/press/mozilla-foundation.html this].

==Features==

The Mozilla Suite provides you with a variety of programs integrated into one application, including:

*Web browser
*E-mail client
*Newsgroup client
*IRC chat client
*[[HTML]] editor

A standalone browser based on the Mozilla rendering engine, [[Gecko]], is available to the public under the codename: [[Firefox]]. As of now (march 2004), it is at version 0.8 and is stable enough for most uses.

A standalone E-mail client is also being developped, it is called: [[Thunderbird]]. As of now (march 2004), it is at version 0.5.

According to the official roadmap, plans are to replace the monolithic suite by a more modular package composed of at least the browser and E-mail client mentioned above.

==External links==

* [http://www.mozilla.org Mozilla.org] - Mozilla Foundation
* [http://www.mozillazine.org MozillaZine] - Latest news
* [http://kb.mozillazine.org MozillaZine Knowledge Base] - Wiki with Mozilla related information
* [http://extensionroom.mozdev.org/main.php/Mozilla Extension Room at Mozdev.org] - Collection of extensions for Mozilla

Kontact

2004-03-09T07:30:50Z

MikeCapone: fmt

'''Kontact''' is the [[KDE]] PIM (Personal Information Management) suite. It provides features such as:

*E-mail client
*Task list
*Calendaring
*Contact Management
*Meeting scheduling

==External link==

* [http://www.kontact.org/ Official Kontact website]

User talk:Skyline

2004-03-09T07:29:30Z

MikeCapone:

Use this page to chat/discuss Wiki issues with me :)

[[User:Skyline|Skyline]] 20:05, Feb 23, 2004 (EST)

----

Great work on the formatting page! Extremely useful. Just an observation, though: could you save up your edits by editing the preview page repeatedly rather than saving the edits so often? That'll cut down on the logging of changes and make things easier to follow. I usually take at least two edits for everything I do, it seems, so I'm not one to talk, but it just seems like it would be good to keep the logged edits down.

Either way, that's some good stuff.

[[User:Digiot|Digiot]] 03:27, Feb 25, 2004 (EST)

----

Thanks....

[[User:Skyline|Skyline]] 11:23, Feb 25, 2004 (EST)
----

Great work on the Wiki Skyline.

It's gud, it's good, it's gooood. :)

[[User:Linuxlala|Linuxlala]]
----

Thanks, Lala, I appreciate that :) - the Wiki Markup guide has been my main focus so far - hope to have more time to contribute more to other areas soon - we've currently got an active Talk surrounding the structure of the Apps page etc - feel free to add ideas etc - hope to get a few opinions before we re-arrange the Apps area.

[[User:Skyline|Skyline]] 01:49, Feb 28, 2004 (EST)

----

You don't need underscores in links for spaces, nor do you need to pipe them :) [[User:Dysprosia|Dysprosia]] 23:23, Mar 8, 2004 (EST)

----

Nice work Skyline! I suggest you join the mailing-list if you are interested in helping out with the behind the scene stuff. [[User:MikeCapone|MikeCapone]] 02:29, Marc 8, 2004 (EST)

Kate

2004-03-09T07:26:34Z

MikeCapone: fmt, small description

'''Kate''' is the [[KDE]] Advanced Text Editor.

==External link==

* [http://kate.kde.org/ Official Kate website]

''This article is a [[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:stub_articles|stub]] and needs to be finished. [[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:plunging_forward|Plunge forward]] and [[LinuxQuestions.org_Wiki:How_to_edit_a_page|help it grow]] !''

Linux Filesystems

2004-03-09T07:21:45Z

MikeCapone: added reiserfs and ext3

==About filesysytems==
(fill me in)
===List of filesystems===
====Contiguous allocation filesystems====
(fill me in)
====Linked-list allocation filesystems====
(fill me in)
====FAT-based filesystems====
(fill me in)
====Extent filesystems====
(fill me in)
====logging/journaling filesystems====
* [[XFS]]
* [[ReiserFS]]
* [[ext3]]

====Inode filesystems====
(fill me in)
====balanced trees filesystems====
(fill me in)
====Other filesystems====
(fill me in)

===Choosing your filesystem===
(fill me in)

===Related documents===
(fill me in)

===External links===
* [http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Filesystems-HOWTO.html Filesystems HOWTO]

OSDL

2004-03-09T07:19:54Z

MikeCapone: fmt, wikified

'''OSDL''': ''Open Source Development Labs''

A not-for-profit consortium of technology companies which aims to accelerate the widepsread adoption of Linux.

Members include [[IBM]], [[HP]], [[Novell]], [[Intel]], [[SUN | Sun]], [[SuSe]], [[Red Hat]] and [[Cisco]].

==External link==

* [http://www.osdl.org OSDL.org] - Official website