Getopts
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Getopts parses a parameters string and stores it in a normalized format. Imagine you want to write your own bash script foo that takes Command options. It should be no matter if the user calls it
foo -abcd
or
foo -a -b -c -d
getopts normalizes these parameters:
scorpio:~ # getopts abcd myvar -abcd scorpio:~ # echo $myvar a
The first parameter tells getopt which options are allowed (a,b,c and d in this case), the second parameter is the variable name that gets the values from the parameter list. The rest is the string to be normalized.